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A Bi-Polar Theory of Nominal and Clause Structure and Function
meaning grammar function structure refer relation head specifier modifier complement
2015/7/30
It is taken as axiomatic that grammar encodes meaning. Two key dimensions of meaning that get grammatically encoded are referential meaning and relational meaning. The key claim is that, in English, t...
Corpus-based Learning of Analogies and Semantic Relations
analogy metaphor semantic relations Vector Space Model cosine similarity noun-modifier pairs
2015/7/30
We present an algorithm for learning from unlabeled text, based on the Vector Space Model (VSM) of information retrieval, that can solve verbal analogy questions of the kind found in the SAT college e...
Combining Independent Modules in Lexical Multiple-Choice Problems
Combining Independent Modules Lexical Multiple-Choice Problems
2015/7/30
Existing statistical approaches to natural language problems are very coarse approximations to the true complexity of language processing. As such, no single technique will be best for all problem ins...
A learning theory should try to answer the following questions. What does it mean to learn? How is something learnt? How is the learnt information stored, processed and ultimately translated into the ...
A Computational Model of Children's Semantic Memory
LSA Latent Semantic Analysis semantic memory children
2015/7/30
A computational model of children's semantic memory is built from the Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) of a multisource child corpus. Three tests of the model are described, simulating a vocabulary test...
Cognitive Linguistics and the Evolution of Body and Soul in the Western World:from Ancient Hebrew to Modern English
philology cognitive linguistics body soul Hebrew Greek English religion St. Paul religion Christianity Judaism frames translation exegesis
2015/7/29
A philological and comparative analysis of the lexical items concerning personhood in Ancient Hebrew, Ancient Greek and Modern English reveals semantic shifts concerning the relative lexical concepts....
Designing Domain Ontology:A Study in Lexical Semantics
Ontology Conceptual Grounding Context
2015/7/29
Preparing a multi-purpose lexicon requires a systematic analysis of inter-conceptual relations. These relations are of two types, namely (i) syntactic and (ii) semantic, which can further be decompose...
Language,logic and ontology:uncovering the structure of commonsense knowledge
Ontology semantics commonsense knowledge reasoning
2015/7/29
The purpose of this paper is twofold: (i) we argue that the structure of commonsense knowledge must be discovered, rather than invented; and (ii) we argue that natural language, which is the best know...
We argue for a compositional semantics grounded in a strongly typed ontology that reflects our commonsense view of the world and the way we talk about it. Assuming such a structure we show that the se...
In this note we suggest that difficulties encountered in natural language semantics are, for the most part, due to the use of mere symbol manipulation systems that are devoid of any content. In such s...
Possibilities and impossibilities of meaning:A study in semantics
Possibilities impossibilities study in semantics
2015/7/29
Meaning is fugitive in nature though we are continuously creating meaning out of the utterly nonsensical reality. We engage ourselves with each other in discussing either the recent earthquake in Kash...
借代认知研究中存在的若干问题
借代认知 隐喻
2015/8/6
自1990年代始，借代继隐喻之后成为众多认知学者关注的又一个焦点。他们提出各种认知模式，包括参照点、ICMs、场景等，强调借代的概念本质，其共同特点是认为借代是同一认知域中一个概念为另一概念所提供的心理途径。这种借代认知观被广泛应用，如，解释“的”字结构、语篇连贯、语用推理、语义形成、语言本质等。然而，该理论本身的缺陷则未受到足够重视。本文通过对西方一些主要学者的借代理论进行分析评论，以及对借代和...
受事前置句中前置受事的语义属性表达的历史演变
受事前置句 有定性 有生性 演变
2015/8/6
文章通过对各时期语料的考察分析，指出古今汉语受事前置句中前置受事的语义属性的表达有两点变化：一，表达前置受事的有定性的手段发生了变化，从基本以句法位置赋予演变为由句法位置和定指词共同赋予，指示代词逐步成为最常用的定指词，元明是这一演变的重要时期；二，古今汉语都对前置受事的有生性有限制，但限制的宽严度有变化，六朝时期至晚唐有生性前置受事的使用受到很大限制，这一情况延续到现代汉语中。
词类进化的语义认知模型
词类进化 语义 认知模型
2016/2/29
在词类研究中，关于词类的发展过程问题目前语言学界存在着两种截然不同的观点：一种观点认为，在语言发展过程中词类是呈爆炸式产生的，即所谓语言学中的“大爆炸理论”；另一种观点认为，词类的发展是渐进的演化过程。本文支持词类发展的进化观，并在总结词类现象学研究的基础上，从语义认知的角度建立了词类语义的认知模型，描述了人类语言中词类进化的大致过程。
Le plan dialectique : pour une alternative au paradigme
plan dialectique matrices de concepts plan thèse antithèse synthèse dialectique
2015/7/16
In this paper, I apply the theory developed in "Matrices of concepts" (2002) to the methodology for conceiving a plan. Regarding the dialectical plan, the paradigm is a plan whose structure is thesis-...